The authors proposed the selective reduction of P from steelmaking slag to enable the recycling of steelmaking slag for the sintering process, and for the extraction of P and Mn separately. By decreasing the basicity of the slag and increasing the temperature of the reduction, Fe and P were reduced to the metal, while most of the Mn remained in the slag. In this study, this selective reduction
There are over 100 minerals known to contain manganese. The most important manganese ore minerals identified in Arkansas are psilomelane (massive hard manganese oxides), hausmannite (Mn2+Mn23+O4), pyrolusite (Mn4+ O2), wad (soft, massive manganese oxides), and braunite (Mn2+Mn63+SiO12).
First, reserves of high manganese and phosphorus content resources are very limited. Second, industrial processes for mining, producing, and distributing can cause environmental and uneconomical problems. Therefore, as a secondary resource, steelmaking slag could be an important alternative because of high manganese and phosphorus content.
dephosphorization processes. This loss corresponds to about 10% of imported phosphorus ore. The author analyzed phosphorus and manganese material flow for recovery. The results from these material flow analyses suggest that a significantly large ripple effect can be expected. If we recover phosphorus and manganese from slag becomes possible
ferromanganese must generally be low in phosphorus to begin with. As good quality ores of low phosphorus are depleted, the phosphorus content in manganese ores increases, and thus, the development of a new dephosphorization technology is needed. For this purpose, the removal of phosphorus compounds by vaporization directly from manganese ores
mixture of manganese ore and iron ore. It was reported that the phosphorus concentration in the manganese alloy had decreased by orders of magnitude, which makes the above-mentioned method feasible and applicable to the current process. In addition to the dephosphorization of manganese ore, there are many findings on
The achieved degree of dephosphorization of the accompanying manganese alloy is about 70%, the manganese content in the alloy
al, (1999)) and this is the theoretical base for the bio dephosphorization of high phosphorus iron ores. Organic acids producing filamentous fungi have been used to remove phosphorus from ores in a series of reports (Parks et al, 1990; Buis, 1995; and Delvasto et al, 2005). The use of acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in the metal extractions
The minimum quantity of manganese fine ore used to oxidize Ca 3 P 2 into Ca 3 (PO 4) 2 completely is 1.388 multiple of RDP slag to insure the product could be reused in the FeMn production. The main dephosphorization product is Ca 3 P 2. Sufficient amount of Mn fine ore can effectively oxidize the phosphorus of reduction state to high
dephosphorization of ferromanganese alloys for the production of advanced high-strength steel M.P. Maphutha1,2, J.D. Steenkamp1, and P.C. Pistorius2,3 Synopsis Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) are sophisticated materials being developed by the steel industry to mitigate challenges related to the performance of motor vehicles.
The dephosphorization process for high phosphorus iron ores have recently been studied employing several methods. However, few researches of phosphorus removal from high phosphorus manganese ores have been carried out compared with those about the high phosphorus iron ores. As a potential
Mass transfer of phosphorus in high-phosphorus hot-metal refining was investigated using CaO-Fe t O-SiO2 slags at 1623 K. Based on a two-film theory kinetic model and experimental results, it was found that the overall mass transfer coefficient, which includes the effects of mass transfer in both the slag phase and metal phase, is in the range of 0.0047 to 0.0240 cm/s.
The phosphorus level was reduced to 0.18 % from an initial level of 0.56 % when the reaction was carried out at 13000C using 16 Wt % BaCO3-BaF2 fluxes. The manganese loss was restricted in the range of 2-5%. However, it was found that the degree of dephosphorization decreased significantly with increase in the initial silicon content of the alloy.
The acid leaching or bio-leaching is used for the dephosphorization of high phosphorus-containing iron ore. It was reported that acid leaching of high phosphorus-containing iron ores could dramatically reduce the phosphorus content in concentrates [13–16]. For example, the hydrochloric acid leaching of an iron ore containing 1.16% phosphorus
Dephosphorization of liquid FeMn can be a more viable alternative to removal. of phosphorus from the ores using mineral processing techniques. Phosphorus. removal from liquid ferromanganese by
The high phosphorus content (0.35-0.50%) of high carbon ferromanganese originates from the manganese ores, majority of which contain significant amount (~0.2%) of phosphorus which is reduced almost completely during smelting reduction from its oxides. In India, low phosphorus ores are depleting fast and the high carbon ferromanganese pro-
Leaching of three high-phosphorus manganese ore samples from central India with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1–0.6 M) has been found to reduce their phosphorus contents below the specified limit
Because conventional (physical) methods of ore dressing are not suitable for reducing the phosphorus contents of high-phosphorous manganese ores from Andhra Pradesh (AP) and the adjoining area in southern Orissa, India, the adoption of chemical methods becomes imperative. An attempt was therefore made to reduce the phosphorus content of partially beneficiated manganese ores from AP by roasting
countries having high phosphorus-iron ore, the highlighted dephosphorization process is capable of providinga reliable technical support; giving good dephosphorization at low cost. Some biological processes for phosphorus removal have been evaluated based on the use of several types of fungi and bacteria, some being . www.jmest.org
The high phosphorus content (0.35-0.50%) of high carbon ferromanganese originates from the manganese ores, majority of which contain significant amount (~0.2%) of phosphorus which is reduced almost completely during smelting reduction from its oxides. In India, low phosphorus ores are depleting fast and the high carbon ferromanganese pro-
Kanungo, S.B., and Mishra, S.K., Dephosphorization of high-phosphorus manganese ores of southern Orissa and Andhra Pradesh, India, by roasting with sodium chloride followed by leaching in dilute nitric acid.
Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOF slag) is an unavoidable by-product of steelmaking process of basic oxygen furnace. The main chemical constituents of BOF slag are CaO, FeO, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 and MgO. Due to its high metallic value (FeO: 16-20%) and lime content (CaO: 45-50%), it is possible to use in iron making and steelmaking process to replace lime and recover iron and CaO.
were made, with the purpose of manganese steel dephosphorization. The samples, weighing 1 kg, were obtain from cast charges that had a high phosphorus content (P max =0.11%, according to the Romanian requirements, Table 1). chemical composition of the sample cast in the chill Table 1.
The high phosphorus content (0.35-0.50%) of high carbon ferromanganese originates from the manganese ores, majority of which contain significant amount (~0.2%) of phosphorus which is reduced almost completely during smelting reduction from its oxides. In India, low phosphorus ores are depleting fast and the high carbon ferromanganese pro-
However, the acid converter steelmaking dephosphorization; low-phosphorus of the iron ore a serious impediment to the development of steel production. 1879 Thomas (S.Thomas) invented the converter steelmaking method can handle the high phosphorus hot metal alkaline the dephosphorization principle of basic slag is then extended to the open
Roasting of the high-phosphorus manganese ore sample was carried out in a tube type resistance furnace. In each test, 100 g high-phosphorus manganese ore sample was put in an alundum crucible and the alundum crucible was heated at 650 °C for 1 h under a flow of nitrogen. The sketch of tube type resistance furnace is shown as Figure 3. To
Because conventional (physical) methods of ore dressing are not suitable for reducing the phosphorus contents of high-phosphorous manganese ores from Andhra Pradesh (AP) and the adjoining area in southern Orissa, India, the adoption of chemical methods becomes imperative. An attempt was therefore made to reduce the phosphorus content of partially beneficiated manganese ores from AP by roasting
Kanungo and Mishra (2000) investigated the dephosphorization of high phosphorus manganese ores in India. In these high phosphorus manganese ores, the phosphorus can be reduced to 0.15% or less by roasting the ores with 2–6 wt% NaCl at 750–800 °C followed by leaching in 0.5–0.75 M HNO 3 at 40–60 °C for a period of 15–20 min. Nwoye
dephosphorization of ferromanganese alloys for the production of advanced high-strength steel M.P. Maphutha1,2, J.D. Steenkamp1, and P.C. Pistorius2,3 Synopsis Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) are sophisticated materials being developed by the steel industry to mitigate challenges related to the performance of motor vehicles.
Extensive removals of silicon and niobium were observed in the addition of Fe//2O//3 by installments, and no dephosphorization took place. When Na//2CO//3 was added to a melt containing silicon, phosphorus, manganese and niobium, removal of niobium was possible without the oxidation of manganese if silicon was oxidized to a low value.
the ferromanganese alloy. Attempts have been made to remove phosphorus from manganese ores [1]. The majority of manganese ore deposits in central India have relatively high (> 0.3%) phosphorus levels. Since phosphorus is intimately associated with manganese [1], physical beneficiation is unsuitable and chemical beneficiation is necessary.